Adult like to be lead?

The opposite theory is argued by Smith and E-Diva who states that adults prefer to learn in a traditional teacher-lead way. I personally feels that this is an old fashion way of teaching adults and it fails to motivate learners. I have observed a few language school tutors and the one makes sure that students achieve their outcomes is very flexible and negotiate with students well. Often students in what I call "passive classroom" are less focused and interested in the lesson it self. And sometimes, falling into a sleep.

I also disagree with the theory that believes in how adults learners prefer to do their exercises individually. Maybe in the beginners level but students in the upper-intermediate and advanced level at my language school are happy to be creative and discuss with the whole class. THey often like to work in pairs or small groups to produce a story that relates to what they learnt. e.g. after reading a story of a crime, they learnt collocations that often seen in the story-telling genre and tries to produce stories that reports a crime. I do notice that students at the intermediate level are more talkative than the advanced level. This could be because students at the advanced level are affraid of making a silly mistakes. But don't we all make silly mistakes all the time?? Maybe it has go to do with being polite, the cultural things.